To build statically-linked binaries you'll need the source:
| freshmeat.net or perdue.edu | lsof |
| sourceforge.net | fuser, killall, pstree, pidof |
fuser identifies processes using a given file. On Linux, use fuser -m.
To determine which processes are accessing the current working directory
fuser . # Solaris
fuser -m . # Linux
724c 1463c 1532c 1675c 5129cm...
To determine which process is responsible for this
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdom:6012 localhost.localdo:40404 ESTABLISHED
TCP connection on port 6011
prompt>fuser -n tcp 6011 # Linux, not Solaris
6011/tcp: 9060
prompt>ps auxw | grep 9060
umits 9060 0.0 0.3 9412 1592 ? S Jun02 4:38 sshd: umits@pts/36
lsof lists open files — that is "regular" files, network connections, directories... Output shows processes and their open files. Example output:
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAME init 1 root cwd DIR 3,2 1024 2 / init 1 root rtd DIR 3,2 1024 2 / init 1 root txt REG 3,2 31432 105874 /sbin/ init init 1 root mem REG 3,2 90248 85518 /lib/ld-2.3.2.so init 1 root mem REG 3,2 1244688 85606 /lib/libc-2.3.2.so init 1 root 10u FIFO 3,2 73308 /dev/initctl keventd 2 root cwd DIR 3,2 1024 2 / .
.
ssh 724 simonh cwd DIR 3,8 4096 32129 /home/simonh
ssh 724 simonh rtd DIR 3,2 1024 2 /
ssh 724 simonh txt REG 3,5 226168 244449 /usr/bin/ssh
ssh 724 simonh mem REG 3,2 90248 85518 /lib/ld-2.3.2.so
ssh 724 simonh mem REG 3,2 64924 85644 /lib/libresolv-2.3.2.so
ssh 724 simonh mem REG 3,5 1042728 358474 \
/usr/lib/i686/cmov/libcrypto.so.0.9.7
.
.
ssh 724 simonh 1u CHR 136,9 11 /dev/pts/9
ssh 724 simonh 2u CHR 136,9 11 /dev/pts/9
ssh 724 simonh 3u IPv4 2027003 TCP \
mctalby.mc.man.ac.uk:55914->darkstar.umist.ac.uk:ssh (ESTABLISHED)
.
. bash 1463 simonh cwd DIR 3,8 4096 32129 /home/simonh bash 1463 simonh rtd DIR 3,2 1024 2 / bash 1463 simonh txt REG 3,2 667180 69229 /bin/bash bash 1463 simonh DEL REG 3,2 85599 /lib/ld-2.3.2.so.dpkg-new . .
Output can be restricted to only network connections:
lsof -i
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAME
ssh 724 simonh 3u IPv4 2027003 TCP \
mctalby.mc.man.ac.uk:55914->darkstar.umist.ac.uk:ssh (ESTABLISHED)
ssh 1532 simonh 3u IPv4 1054576 TCP \
mctalby.mc.man.ac.uk:60035->bohrg3.man.ac.uk:484 (ESTABLISHED)
ssh 1690 simonh 3u IPv4 1055280 TCP \
mctalby.mc.man.ac.uk:60069->bohrg3.man.ac.uk:484 (ESTABLISHED)
.
.
firefox-b 2125 si2 3u IPv4 2000944 TCP \
localhost.localdomain:54229->localhost.localdomain:6013 (ESTABLISHED)
firefox-b 2125 si2 27u IPv4 2029291 TCP \
localhost.localdomain:56045->localhost.localdomain:6013 (ESTABLISHED)
sshd 2947 root 3u IPv4 2628966 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
emacs 3201 umits 4u IPv4 2480726 TCP \
localhost.localdomain:52828->localhost.localdomain:6011 (ESTABLISHED)
XFree86 3448 root 1u IPv4 10336 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN)
httpproxy 4801 root 0u IPv4 2635892 TCP \
mctalby.mc.man.ac.uk:httpproxy->61.175.228.137:44104 (ESTABLISHED)
httpproxy 4801 root 1u IPv4 2635892 TCP \
mctalby.mc.man.ac.uk:httpproxy->61.175.228.137:44104 (ESTABLISHED)
.
.
To determine which process is responsible for this
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdom:6012 localhost.localdo:40404 ESTABLISHED
try
lsof -i -n | grep 6012 firefox-b 10930 mc 3u IPv4 2230197 TCP 127.0.0.1:40404->127.0.0.1:6012 (ESTABLISHED) sshd 15330 mc 10u IPv4 68837 TCP 127.0.0.1:6012 (LISTEN) sshd 15330 mc 12u IPv4 2230199 TCP 127.0.0.1:6012->127.0.0.1:40404 (ESTABLISHED) sshd 15330 mc 13u IPv4 863595 TCP 127.0.0.1:6012->127.0.0.1:49477 (ESTABLISHED) emacs 18021 mc 4u IPv4 863593 TCP 127.0.0.1:49477->127.0.0.1:6012 (ESTABLISHED) firefox-b 19079 mc 3u IPv4 2230197 TCP 127.0.0.1:40404->127.0.0.1:6012 (ESTABLISHED) firefox-b 19090 mc 3u IPv4 2230197 TCP 127.0.0.1:40404->127.0.0.1:6012 (ESTABLISHED) firefox-b 19091 mc 3u IPv4 2230197 TCP 127.0.0.1:40404->127.0.0.1:6012 (ESTABLISHED) firefox-b 19093 mc 3u IPv4 2230197 TCP 127.0.0.1:40404->127.0.0.1:6012 (ESTABLISHED)
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